Drag link is one of the important parts in steering system used in automotive. The ball joint, ball joint housing, and pipe compose the drag link. In this study, finite element analysis is used to simulate the deformation process. St 52 steel material is used. A yield criterion, an associated flow rule, and Chaboche’s kinematic hardening rule were used in the finite ele-ment simulations of processes involving high plastic deformation. A series of low-cycle ten-sile/compression tests is performed to determine the parameters of Chaboche’s kinematic hardening rule. The success of the simulation results depends on the more accuracy of the finding parameters. Some optimization methods are used in the calibration progression of these parameters and the results are compared. For the purpose of optimization, the angle of the pipe after bending is set as 16.6 as soon as possible. As design variables, the Chaboche kinematic hardening rule parameters were adjusted. Consequently, calibrated parameters were obtained for St52 pipe bending. By analysing and verifying the candidate points, opti-mization methods are compared. The optimum parameters are determined as YS=350 MPa, C=2984.3 MPa, and =100 while their initial values are YS=373.806 MPa, C=4016 MPa, and =94. It is concluded that the optimization process gives more consistency in the bending process.Drag link is one of the important parts in steering system used in automotive. The ball joint, ball joint housing, and pipe compose the drag link. In this study, finite element analysis is used to simulate the deformation process. St 52 steel material is used. A yield criterion, an associated flow rule, and Chaboche’s kinematic hardening rule were used in the finite ele-ment simulations of processes involving high plastic deformation. A series of low-cycle ten-sile/compression tests is performed to determine the parameters of Chaboche’s kinematic hardening rule. The success of the simulation results depends on the more accuracy of the finding parameters. Some optimization methods are used in the calibration progression of these parameters and the results are compared. For the purpose of optimization, the angle of the pipe after bending is set as 16.6 as soon as possible. As design variables, the Chaboche kinematic hardening rule parameters were adjusted. Consequently, calibrated parameters were obtained for St52 pipe bending. By analysing and verifying the candidate points, opti-mization methods are compared. The optimum parameters are determined as YS=350 MPa, C=2984.3 MPa, and =100 while their initial values are YS=373.806 MPa, C=4016 MPa, and =94. It is concluded that the optimization process gives more consistency in the bending process. Read More
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