Abstract
Three varieties of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were in vitro screened for salt stress tolerance by measuring some growth (plant length, leaf area, root length, and fresh and dry weight) and chemical (proline content) parameters. Furthermore, this study aimed to develop an effective optimum callus induction and plant regeneration’s protocol in potato varieties (Svenja, Safari, and Taurus) to establish an efficient in vitro selection method to produce salt-tolerant lines. Salt stress was imposed by adding 50, 100, and 150 mM of NaCl to Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium and compared to MS medium without NaCl. The results indicated that increasing NaCl concentration decreased the studied parameters in each variety, as the highest concentration of NaCl gave the lowest values for most studied characters. The variety Svenja outperformed the other varieties (Safari and Taurus) in most growth parameters under the in vitro salt stress conditions. Moreover, it was notable that the higher the NaCl concentration, the higher the proline content in vitro. Different plant explants were used in callus induction. Later on, the obtained callus lines were screened for their salt tolerance depending on both relative growth and cell viability of callus, by exposing them to different levels of salt stress; thereafter, genetic variations among regenerated plantlets from stressed callus and mother plants were studied. The percentage of callus induction varied depending on the explant type and plant growth regulators. It turns out that a higher percentage of callus induction without roots (95.76%) was obtained when the leaf was used on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 3 mg·l−1 of 2,4-D in Svenja. Both callus relative growth rate (RGR) and viability were negatively affected by salt stress in all treatments. It was found out that the sub-lethal concentration of salt was 100 mM/NaCl for Safari and Taurus, while it was 150 mM/NaCl for Svenja. The highest regeneration percentage was recorded in Svenja (37.50%), and Safari (31.25%) on MS media containing 1.5 mg·l−1 BAP+ 25 mg·l−1 adenine sulphate, while it was 34.33% in Taurus variety on MS media containing 1 mg·l−1 BAP+ 0.5 mg·l−1 IAA. As for the regenerated shoots percentage, all the studied varieties had the same mean value. This study showed that lines S9, S10 from Svenja, T1, T2 from Taurus, and SF1, SF5 from Safari were the best of all obtained lines and they were tolerant of high NaCl concentrations (200 and 250 mM). These results prove the possibility of using callus technique to develop new genotypes different from mother varieties for environmental stresses tolerance.
Abstract
Three varieties of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were in vitro screened for salt stress tolerance by measuring some growth (plant length, leaf area, root length, and fresh and dry weight) and chemical (proline content) parameters. Furthermore, this study aimed to develop an effective optimum callus induction and plant regeneration’s protocol in potato varieties (Svenja, Safari, and Taurus) to establish an efficient in vitro selection method to produce salt-tolerant lines. Salt stress was imposed by adding 50, 100, and 150 mM of NaCl to Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium and compared to MS medium without NaCl. The results indicated that increasing NaCl concentration decreased the studied parameters in each variety, as the highest concentration of NaCl gave the lowest values for most studied characters. The variety Svenja outperformed the other varieties (Safari and Taurus) in most growth parameters under the in vitro salt stress conditions. Moreover, it was notable that the higher the NaCl concentration, the higher the proline content in vitro. Different plant explants were used in callus induction. Later on, the obtained callus lines were screened for their salt tolerance depending on both relative growth and cell viability of callus, by exposing them to different levels of salt stress; thereafter, genetic variations among regenerated plantlets from stressed callus and mother plants were studied. The percentage of callus induction varied depending on the explant type and plant growth regulators. It turns out that a higher percentage of callus induction without roots (95.76%) was obtained when the leaf was used on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 3 mg·l−1 of 2,4-D in Svenja. Both callus relative growth rate (RGR) and viability were negatively affected by salt stress in all treatments. It was found out that the sub-lethal concentration of salt was 100 mM/NaCl for Safari and Taurus, while it was 150 mM/NaCl for Svenja. The highest regeneration percentage was recorded in Svenja (37.50%), and Safari (31.25%) on MS media containing 1.5 mg·l−1 BAP+ 25 mg·l−1 adenine sulphate, while it was 34.33% in Taurus variety on MS media containing 1 mg·l−1 BAP+ 0.5 mg·l−1 IAA. As for the regenerated shoots percentage, all the studied varieties had the same mean value. This study showed that lines S9, S10 from Svenja, T1, T2 from Taurus, and SF1, SF5 from Safari were the best of all obtained lines and they were tolerant of high NaCl concentrations (200 and 250 mM). These results prove the possibility of using callus technique to develop new genotypes different from mother varieties for environmental stresses tolerance. Leer más
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