Abstract
The chemical composition and micronutrients of durum wheat grain are among the most factors that determines its quality. The current study was carried out to evaluate grain quality and its relationship with agro-morphological characteristics of 15 durum wheat genotypes during two cropping seasons (2017–2018 and 2018–2019). Significant differences were observed between the genotypes for the investigated traits. The genotypes ‘SRN-1/KILL//2*FOLTA-1’, ‘G-1252’ and ‘Germotel-1’ showed the highest values for grain protein content (GPC), grain Fe content (GFeC), fiber content percentage (FC) and grain Zn content (GZnC) for both years, respectively. Local cultivar ‘Zardak’ had high grain yield (GY) and grain quality traits such as high FC and GZnC. The highest genetic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for grain cadmium content (GCdC). GPC was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with GY. The FC showed a negative correlation with GZnC (r = − 0.51; P < 0.05) and positively correlated with GCdC (r = 0.63; P < 0.05). The results showed that the majority of important agronomic traits were negatively correlated with grain quality traits. Broad-sense heritability for the important traits such as GPC, GFeC and GZnC was high, that allows effective selection through bio-fortification breeding programs. The results demonstrated that durum wheat breeding for increased level of grain micronutrients and protein is feasible, thus, durum wheat germplasm could be considered in developing durum wheat cultivars having high grain quality characteristics.
Abstract
The chemical composition and micronutrients of durum wheat grain are among the most factors that determines its quality. The current study was carried out to evaluate grain quality and its relationship with agro-morphological characteristics of 15 durum wheat genotypes during two cropping seasons (2017–2018 and 2018–2019). Significant differences were observed between the genotypes for the investigated traits. The genotypes ‘SRN-1/KILL//2*FOLTA-1’, ‘G-1252’ and ‘Germotel-1’ showed the highest values for grain protein content (GPC), grain Fe content (GFeC), fiber content percentage (FC) and grain Zn content (GZnC) for both years, respectively. Local cultivar ‘Zardak’ had high grain yield (GY) and grain quality traits such as high FC and GZnC. The highest genetic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for grain cadmium content (GCdC). GPC was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with GY. The FC showed a negative correlation with GZnC (r = − 0.51; P < 0.05) and positively correlated with GCdC (r = 0.63; P < 0.05). The results showed that the majority of important agronomic traits were negatively correlated with grain quality traits. Broad-sense heritability for the important traits such as GPC, GFeC and GZnC was high, that allows effective selection through bio-fortification breeding programs. The results demonstrated that durum wheat breeding for increased level of grain micronutrients and protein is feasible, thus, durum wheat germplasm could be considered in developing durum wheat cultivars having high grain quality characteristics. Leer más
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